Trichomoniasis, also known as trich, is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by a parasite called Trichomonas vaginalis. It can affect both men and women, but it is more prevalent in women. According to the National Institutes of Health, Trichomoniasis is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) with an estimated annual incidence of 276.4 million cases globally and about 30 million cases in sub-Saharan Africa.
Symptoms of Trichomoniasis
Trichomoniasis can cause various symptoms, such as vaginal or penile discharge, genital itching or burning, pain during urination or sex, and lower abdominal discomfort. However, about 70% of people with trich do not have any signs or symptoms. This means that they can unknowingly pass the infection to their sexual partners.
How to Diagnose Trichomoniasis
Trichomoniasis is diagnosed by testing a sample of vaginal fluid or urine for the presence of the parasite. The test can be done at a doctor's office, a sexual health clinic, or at home with a self-test kit. The infection can be easily treated with antibiotics, such as metronidazole, tinidazole, or secnidazole. It is important to take the full course of medication as prescribed and avoid alcohol while on treatment.
Trichomoniasis can have serious complications if left untreated. It can increase the risk of getting or spreading other STIs, such as HIV, chlamydia, gonorrhoea, and syphilis. It can also cause chronic pelvic pain, infertility, and ectopic pregnancy in women. In pregnant people, trich can lead to premature birth and low birth weight in babies.
How to Prevent Trichomoniasis
The best way to prevent trichomoniasis is to practise safe sex by using condoms correctly and consistently every time you have sex. You should also limit the number of sexual partners you have and get tested regularly for STIs. If you or your partner have symptoms of trich or test positive for the infection, you should both receive treatment and avoid sex until you are cured.
Trichomoniasis is a common and treatable STI that can cause unpleasant and potentially serious health problems. By being aware of the signs and symptoms, getting tested and treated promptly, and practising safe sex, you can protect yourself and your partner from this infection.
Sources
- Debbo Africa: https://debbo.africa
- CDC. STD Facts - Trichomoniasis. https://www.cdc.gov/std/trichomonas/STDFact-Trichomoniasis.htm
- Mayo Clinic. Trichomoniasis - Symptoms & causes. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/trichomoniasis/symptoms-causes/syc-20378609